Glossary of healthy food terms

When I talk about nutrition and nutrients contained by food I use some terms that might not say too much for everyone. Let’s make it clear then and explain those terms:

  • Anthocyanins: Plant pigments that help protect you from heart disease;
  • Antioxidant: A substance that prevents harmful molecules called free radicals from damaging DNA. Free radicals may be a cause of cancer, heart disease and other chronic diseases;
  • Carotenoids: Antioxidant plant pigments that are converted to vitamin A by the body. There are several types:
      • beta-carotene – a major plant source of vitamin A, which lowers the risk for heart disease and cancer;
      • lutein and zeaxanthin – which are linked to a reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration, a major cause of vision loss and blindness in older adults;
      • lycopene – linked with a lower risk of heart attack and cancer;
  • Conjugated linoleic acid: Beef, lamb and full-fat cheeses are rich in CLA, which halts tumor formation in animals;
  • Ellagic acid: A plant compound that detoxifies and traps carcinogens;
  • Favonoids: Plant compounds that deter cancer in a number of ways;
  • Folic acid: B vitamin that helps prevent birth defects and lower levels of homocysteine, an amino acid linked to heart disease;
  • Indoles: Compounds that help fight cancer;
  • Isoflavones: Compounds that act as weak estrogens (phytoestrogens). Eating 90 mg of isoflavones daily can improve bone density;
  • Isothiocyanates: Compounds, including sulphoraphane, that protect against cancer;
  • Lignans: Phytoestrogens that help prevent cancer;
  • Monosaturated fat: The type of fat that helps the heart;
  • Omega-3 fatty acids: A type of fat that reduces the risk factors for heart disease;
  • Organosulfides: Substances that help lower cholesterol;
  • Phytoestrogens: Compounds that are structurally similar to human estrogen. One difference: They do not promote breast and endometrial cancer. In fact, they help protect against these cancers, while providing many of the same heart-and bone-protective effects as human estrogen.


RSS Trackback URL 15. January 2007 (14:34)
Filed under: Nutrition

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